2 Peter 3:9

Authorized King James Version

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The Lord is not slack concerning his promise, as some men count slackness; but is longsuffering to us-ward, not willing that any should perish, but that all should come to repentance.

Original Language Analysis

οὐ not G3756
οὐ not
Strong's: G3756
Word #: 1 of 23
the absolute negative (compare g3361) adverb; no or not
βραδύνει is G1019
βραδύνει is
Strong's: G1019
Word #: 2 of 23
to delay
G3588
Strong's: G3588
Word #: 3 of 23
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
κύριος The Lord G2962
κύριος The Lord
Strong's: G2962
Word #: 4 of 23
supreme in authority, i.e., (as noun) controller; by implication, master (as a respectful title)
τῆς G3588
τῆς
Strong's: G3588
Word #: 5 of 23
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
ἐπαγγελίας concerning his promise G1860
ἐπαγγελίας concerning his promise
Strong's: G1860
Word #: 6 of 23
an announcement (for information, assent or pledge; especially a divine assurance of good)
ὥς as G5613
ὥς as
Strong's: G5613
Word #: 7 of 23
which how, i.e., in that manner (very variously used, as follows)
τινας some men G5100
τινας some men
Strong's: G5100
Word #: 8 of 23
some or any person or object
βραδύτητα slackness G1022
βραδύτητα slackness
Strong's: G1022
Word #: 9 of 23
tardiness
ἡγοῦνται count G2233
ἡγοῦνται count
Strong's: G2233
Word #: 10 of 23
to lead, i.e., command (with official authority); figuratively, to deem, i.e., consider
ἀλλὰ but G235
ἀλλὰ but
Strong's: G235
Word #: 11 of 23
properly, other things, i.e., (adverbially) contrariwise (in many relations)
μακροθυμεῖ is longsuffering G3114
μακροθυμεῖ is longsuffering
Strong's: G3114
Word #: 12 of 23
to be long-spirited, i.e., (objectively) forbearing or (subjectively) patient
εἰς to G1519
εἰς to
Strong's: G1519
Word #: 13 of 23
to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial phrases
ἡμᾶς, us-ward G2248
ἡμᾶς, us-ward
Strong's: G2248
Word #: 14 of 23
us
μὴ not G3361
μὴ not
Strong's: G3361
Word #: 15 of 23
(adverb) not, (conjunction) lest; also (as an interrogative implying a negative answer (whereas g3756 expects an affirmative one)) whether
βουλόμενός willing G1014
βουλόμενός willing
Strong's: G1014
Word #: 16 of 23
to "will," i.e., (reflexively) be willing
τινας some men G5100
τινας some men
Strong's: G5100
Word #: 17 of 23
some or any person or object
ἀπολέσθαι should perish G622
ἀπολέσθαι should perish
Strong's: G622
Word #: 18 of 23
to destroy fully (reflexively, to perish, or lose), literally or figuratively
ἀλλὰ but G235
ἀλλὰ but
Strong's: G235
Word #: 19 of 23
properly, other things, i.e., (adverbially) contrariwise (in many relations)
πάντας that all G3956
πάντας that all
Strong's: G3956
Word #: 20 of 23
all, any, every, the whole
εἰς to G1519
εἰς to
Strong's: G1519
Word #: 21 of 23
to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial phrases
μετάνοιαν repentance G3341
μετάνοιαν repentance
Strong's: G3341
Word #: 22 of 23
(subjectively) compunction (for guilt, including reformation); by implication, reversal (of (another's) decision)
χωρῆσαι should come G5562
χωρῆσαι should come
Strong's: G5562
Word #: 23 of 23
to be in (give) space, i.e., (intransitively) to pass, enter, or (transitively) to hold, admit (literally or figuratively)

Analysis & Commentary

The Lord is not slack concerning his promise, as some men count slackness; but is longsuffering to us-ward, not willing that any should perish, but that all should come to repentance. This verse addresses the delay in Christ's return that scoffers mockingly noted (3:4). "The Lord is not slack" (ou bradynei kyrios, οὐ βραδύνει κύριος) means He doesn't delay or procrastinate "concerning his promise" of return. What appears to be delay from human perspective is divine patience from God's perspective.

"But is longsuffering to us-ward" (alla makrothymei eis hymas, ἀλλὰ μακροθυμεῖ εἰς ὑμᾶς)—God extends patient forbearance. The reason: "not willing that any should perish, but that all should come to repentance" (mē boulomenos tinas apolesthai alla pantas eis metanoian chōrēsai). This raises important theological questions about divine will and election.

"Not willing" (mē boulomenos, μὴ βουλόμενος) uses boulomai, often denoting deliberate intention or desire. "Any" (tinas) and "all" (pantas) require interpretation: Does this mean every individual human without exception, or all types/classes of people? Reformed theology typically understands "us-ward" and context to indicate God's patience toward the elect, not willing that any of His chosen people should perish before being brought to repentance. Arminian theology sees universal scope—God desires all individuals to be saved but respects human free will. Both agree God's patience provides opportunity for repentance before final judgment.

Historical Context

God's patience before judgment is a recurring biblical theme (Gen 15:16; Rom 2:4; 9:22; 1 Pet 3:20). The delay between promise and fulfillment tested faith throughout redemptive history—patriarchs waiting for promises, Israel awaiting deliverance, prophets expecting Messiah. Early Christians expected imminent return of Christ, creating tension when it delayed. Peter addresses this, reframing delay as divine mercy providing opportunity for repentance.

The theological tension between divine sovereignty and human responsibility, between God's electing will and universal gospel offer, has occupied Christian theology throughout church history. Peter's statement contributes to this discussion without resolving all questions. What's clear: God's patience is purposeful (providing opportunity for repentance), temporary (judgment will come), and merciful (extending grace rather than immediate judgment).

Questions for Reflection

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